Lesson I had learned in my life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lesson I had learned in my life - Essay Example Consequently, I was aware of the fact that having a positive attitude in life was more important than what had happened to me in the past in terms of social life, education, money and other aspects of life that affected me directly. Moreover, I had learnt that it was not easy neither practical to control and / or change the actions of people on diverse settings in life. In respect to this, I had to understand what I needed in life and my purpose of being in the world. Most of the times, my mind was tempted to think that my main course in this world was to have a good education, a well-paying job, get married, and live happily there afterwards. True to this, I had to act on my attitude by building a life that was successful and full of happiness. As such, I had ought to improve my attitude towards myself and towards life every other day and ensure that my entire life was surrounded by positive attitudes despite situation that tended to bring up negativity. With time, I anticipated that the sum of these positive moments would assist me build a life that was successful. Just like a philosopher once said that a long journey begins with a single step, I was willing to turn the tables around just for my sake. I was quite conversant with my past life that was made up of numerous wrongs that had culminated to regrets and regrets. Nevertheless, I refused the past to determine my future, because if that happened I would be subjected to my previous attitude that would have likely led me nowhere in life, but rather made me an individual of circumstances. In the same way, I would be compelled to think that I was in control of what other people did in life, particularly towards me, which was not the case. In a general sense, my lesson was clear. My life had no limits and I was at liberty of living it as I pleased. By this, I meant that, I had let my past go and thus had no regrets

ESBL positive Escherichia coli and Klebsiella interaction with human Literature review

ESBL positive Escherichia coli and Klebsiella interaction with human urothelial cells - Literature review Example Acute uncomplicated urinary infection occurs when it presents as acute cystitis (Rubin, Shapiro, Andriole, Davis, & Stamm, 1992). Individuals with acute cystitis may also have non-obstructive pyelonephritis. Asymptomatic bacterial infection also occurs, where a urine specimen will show the presence of infective bacteria, but no symptoms of the urinary tract infection are observed. The infection can be recurrent because the source of the infection is harboured within the urinary tract. Complicated urinary tract infections occur in individuals who have abnormalities in the genitourinary tract. In women, increased volume of residual urine, bladder diverticulitis, and cystoceles contribute to the recurrence of UTI. For older males, benign prostate hypertrophy with urethral obstruction, chronic bacterial prostatitis, and turbulent urine flow often lead to urinary tract infection. Urinary tract infection has also been found to be a function of genetic predisposition and higher frequency of abnormalities in genitourinary organs (Raz, et al., 2000). UTI is common in the elderly population. Aside from age-related genitourinary abnormalities, the increase in urinary infections in elderly population is attributed to the use of indwelling devices like catheters (Nicolle, 2001). Clinical manifestations of symptomatic UTI are bladder infection, irritation of lower tract including incontinence, dysuria, urgency to urinate, suprapubic pain, and fever (Bentley, Bradley, High, Schoenbaum, Taler, & Yoshikawa, 2000). In patients with indwelling catheters, symptoms could include costovertebral angle tenderness that is more associated with pyelonephritis and fever even when there are no genitourinary symptoms (Orr, et al., 1996). The symptoms are associated with trauma due to insertion of the device or the infection from several microorganisms of the biofilm coating the catheter surface. 1.2. Enterobacteriaceae Enterobacteriaceae are Gram-negative rods that mostly grow well at 37Â °C and are facultatively anaerobic, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative (Health Protection Agency, 2010). They are widely distributed in different habitats, and may be found in animals, plants, soil, and water. Several genera of Enterobacteriaceae are involved in the development of human diseases. Common genera include species of Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Morganella morganii, Proteus, Providencia, Salmonella, Serratia, Shigella and Yersinia (Health Protection Agency, 2010). 1.3. Escherichia coli The most important infective organism in UTI is Escherichia coli, but other Enterobacteriaceae species like Klebsiella, Citrobacter and Enterobacter also cause UTI. Proteus mirabilis, and Providencia stuartii and Morganella morganii, which are urease producers, are also common. Other species identified in patients with UTI are Pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterococci, group B streptococci and coagulase-negative staphylococci. Yeast strains Candida albicans, C. tropica lis, C. glabrata, and C. parapsilosis have also been isolated mostly from patients with indwelling catheters, and diabetes mellitus (Nicolle, Urinary tract pathogens in complicated urinary infecion and in the elderly, 2001). E. coli originating from an individual’s intestinal tract is the most common source of UTI (Russo & Johnson, 2003). In the United States alone, 6-8 million cases of uncomplicated cystitis and almost 130,000 sepsis cases are attributed to community-acquired UTIs due